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Difference between revisions of “ᴘʀɪᴄᴇ vowel phoneme /aɪ/”

From Teflpedia
(→‎Less common words: with "ae": maestro - tae kwon do)
(Breve must be under the less prominent vowel, i.e. ɪ)
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{{IPA symbol|ʌɪ|IPA phoneme /aɪ/|price /prʌɪs/|Upton}}
{{IPA symbol|ʌɪ|IPA phoneme /aɪ/|price /prʌɪs/|Upton}}
{{IPA symbol|1=a<span style="letter-spacing:-0.45em">ɪ &#815;</span>&nbsp;&nbsp;|2=IPA phoneme /aɪ/|3=price /pra<span style="letter-spacing:-0.45em">ɪ &#815;</span>&nbsp;s/|4=Strict IPA}}
{{IPA symbol|1=aɪ<span style="letter-spacing:-0.45em"> &#815;</span>&nbsp;|2=IPA phoneme /aɪ/|3=price /praɪ<span style="letter-spacing:-0.45em"> &#815;</span>s/|4=Strict IPA}}
{{IPA symbol|aɪ|IPA phoneme /aɪ/|price /praɪs/|Standard}}
{{IPA symbol|aɪ|IPA phoneme /aɪ/|price /praɪs/|Standard}}
In English, both in [[Received Pronunciation]] and in [[General American]], the [[IPA]] [[phonetic symbol]] '''/aɪ/''' corresponds to the [[vowel]] sound in words like "price", "fly" and "time". This [[diphthong]] is informally called '''“[[so-called “long i”|long I]]”''' and a bit more formally "the long sound of the letter I".
In English, both in [[Received Pronunciation]] and in [[General American]], the [[IPA]] [[phonetic symbol]] '''/aɪ/''' corresponds to the [[vowel]] sound in words like "price", "fly" and "time". This [[diphthong]] is informally called '''“[[so-called “long i”|long I]]”''' and a bit more formally "the long sound of the letter I".


In strict IPA diphthongs need an inverted breve under their less prominent vowel: /a<span style="letter-spacing:-0.45em">ɪ &#815;</span>&nbsp;&thinsp;/. However the notation we are using does not have the symbol /a/ by itself, and therefore we know that a vowel after /a/ has an implied inverted breve.
In strict IPA diphthongs need an inverted breve under their less prominent vowel: /aɪ<span style="letter-spacing:-0.45em"> &#815;</span>/. However the notation we are using does not have the symbol /a/ by itself, and therefore we know that a vowel after /a/ has an implied inverted breve.


This vowel can be pronounced as [a<span style="letter-spacing:-0.45em">ɪ &#815;</span>&nbsp;&thinsp;], [ʌ<span style="letter-spacing:-0.45em">ɪ &#815;</span>&nbsp;&thinsp;] or (in [[Australian English]]) [ɑe&#815;]. In Southern American English this phoneme can be the monophthong [aː].
This vowel can be pronounced as [aɪ<span style="letter-spacing:-0.45em"> &#815;</span>], [ʌɪ<span style="letter-spacing:-0.45em"> &#815;</span>] or (in [[Australian English]]) [ɑe&#815;]. In Southern American English this phoneme can be the monophthong [aː].


At the advice of Clive Upton the ''Concise Oxford Dictionary'' altered the British tradition and now uses /ʌɪ/ instead of /aɪ/; later ''Oxford Dictionaries Online'' followed the same convention.<ref>Oxford Dictionaries Online, [http://www.oxforddictionaries.com/words/key-to-pronunciation Key to pronunciations (British and World English dictionary)]. See ʌɪ as in m''y''.</ref>  The phonetician Jack Windsor Lewis says "the verdict on /ʌɪ/ alongside /aʊ/ must be that it is a very regrettable departure from EPD14b [Daniel Jones ''English Pronouncing Dictionary]'' that would be better abandoned in future."<ref>Jack Windsor Lewis, [http://www.yek.me.uk/ipadicts.html IPA vowel symbols for British English in dictionaries], Section 8. /ʌɪ/ versus /aɪ/.</ref>
At the advice of Clive Upton the ''Concise Oxford Dictionary'' altered the British tradition and now uses /ʌɪ/ instead of /aɪ/; later ''Oxford Dictionaries Online'' followed the same convention.<ref>Oxford Dictionaries Online, [http://www.oxforddictionaries.com/words/key-to-pronunciation Key to pronunciations (British and World English dictionary)]. See ʌɪ as in m''y''.</ref>  The phonetician Jack Windsor Lewis says "the verdict on /ʌɪ/ alongside /aʊ/ must be that it is a very regrettable departure from EPD14b [Daniel Jones ''English Pronouncing Dictionary]'' that would be better abandoned in future."<ref>Jack Windsor Lewis, [http://www.yek.me.uk/ipadicts.html IPA vowel symbols for British English in dictionaries], Section 8. /ʌɪ/ versus /aɪ/.</ref>

Revision as of 21:33, 20 October 2016

IPA phoneme /aɪ/ IPA phoneme /aɪ/ IPA phoneme /aɪ/ In English, both in Received Pronunciation and in General American, the IPA phonetic symbol /aɪ/ corresponds to the vowel sound in words like "price", "fly" and "time". This diphthong is informally called “long I” and a bit more formally "the long sound of the letter I".

In strict IPA diphthongs need an inverted breve under their less prominent vowel: /aɪ ̯/. However the notation we are using does not have the symbol /a/ by itself, and therefore we know that a vowel after /a/ has an implied inverted breve.

This vowel can be pronounced as [aɪ ̯], [ʌɪ ̯] or (in Australian English) [ɑe̯]. In Southern American English this phoneme can be the monophthong [aː].

At the advice of Clive Upton the Concise Oxford Dictionary altered the British tradition and now uses /ʌɪ/ instead of /aɪ/; later Oxford Dictionaries Online followed the same convention.[1] The phonetician Jack Windsor Lewis says "the verdict on /ʌɪ/ alongside /aʊ/ must be that it is a very regrettable departure from EPD14b [Daniel Jones English Pronouncing Dictionary] that would be better abandoned in future."[2]

Common words

Some common words which practice the pronunciation of /aɪ/ include the following:

One syllable

  • with "ie": die - lie - pie - tie
  • with "i": blind - child - find - I - kind - mild - pint - wild - wind (verb) - whilst
  • with "i" and magic e: bike - file - ice - like - line - mine - nice - pine - price - quite - size - smile - time - white - wine - write
  • with "ig": sign
  • with "igh": bright - fight - fright - height - high - light - night - right - sigh - sight - slight - thigh - tight;
  • with the letter "y": cry - dry - dye - fly - fry - my - rye - shy - sky - sty - style - try - type - why;
  • others: buy - guy; eye

Several syllables

  • with "i": behind - finally - idea - identity - item - library - private - science - variety - title
  • with "i" and magic e: arrive - decide - describe - outside - realiseBrE/realize - require - surprise
  • with "ig": align - assign - design
  • with "y" and magic e: analyseBrE/analyzeAmE
  • with "y": apply - cycle - deny - identify - reply - supply
as /aɪ/ or /iː/: either - neither

Less common words

  • with "ei": kaleidoscope
  • with "ae": maestro - tae kwon do
  • coyote: /kaɪˈəʊ.tiː/, /ˈkaɪ.oʊt/,AmE /kɔɪˈəʊ.tiː/BrE

/aɪ/ in combination with /r/

In some words "ir" and "yr" are pronounced /aɪə/, and in others they are pronounced /aɪ/.

  • /aɪə/: acquire - desire - entirely - fire - hire - iron /aɪərn/ - inspire - Ireland - require - retire - tire - tyreBrE - umpire - wire
  • /aɪ/: environment - gyrate - irate - pirate - polystyrene - pyromaniac - spiral - virus

Homophones

  • aisle - I'll - isle; bite - byte; cite - site - sight; die - dye; high - hi; I - eye; knight - night; right - write; sighed - side; sighs - size; time - thyme; whine - wine; why - Y.

Anticipated pronunciation difficulties depending on L1

Preconceived ideas and other interferences from L1 obviously interfere in many cases with how students perceive - and pronounce - sounds/words in English. The following sections aims to point out some of the most typical difficulties teachers and students may encounter regarding pronunciation.

Spanish

See also

References

  1. ↑ Oxford Dictionaries Online, Key to pronunciations (British and World English dictionary). See ʌɪ as in my.
  2. ↑ Jack Windsor Lewis, IPA vowel symbols for British English in dictionaries, Section 8. /ʌɪ/ versus /aɪ/.

External links

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