Diphthong
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Revision as of 12:37, 25 April 2019 by 18.196.5.124 (talk)
| æ | ɑː | |
| trap | father - start | |
| e | eɪ | eə |
| dress | face | square |
| ɪ | iː | ɪə |
| kit | fleece | near |
| ɒ | əʊ | ɔː |
| lot | goat | taught |
| ʊ | uː | ʊə |
| foot | goose | mature |
| juː | jʊə | |
| cute | cure | |
| ʌ | ə | ɜː |
| strut | comma | nurse |
| aɪ | aʊ | ɔɪ |
| price | mouth | choice |
| Normal sound: /b, d, f, g, h, k, l, m, n, p, r, s, t, v, w, z/ | ||
| ʃ | tʃ | ŋ |
| show | church | sing |
| ʒ | dʒ | j |
| usual | judge | you |
| θ | ð | s |
| think | that | see |
| IPA | Stress |
|---|---|
| ˈ | Primary stress hotel /həʊˈtel/ |
| ˌ | Secondary stress understand /ˌʌndərˈstænd/ |
| IPA | Syllabification |
|---|---|
| . | nitrate /ˈnaɪ.treɪt/, night-rate /ˈnaɪt.reɪt/ |
A diphthong (/dɪfθɒŋg/) is a sound that moves from one vowel sound to another. There are two main kinds in English: rising diphthongs and falling diphthongs.
Falling diphthong
A falling diphthong starts with a vowel of higher prominence and ends with a short vowel [ɪ], [ʊ], [ə] or semivowel [j] or [w]. In English it is customary to use vowels (e.g. [ɪ] instead of [j]), and to consider falling diphthongs as phonemes.
- IPA phoneme /eɪ/: face, play
- IPA phoneme /ɔɪ/: choice, boy
- IPA phoneme /aʊ/: mouth, how
- IPA phoneme /aɪ/: price, fly
- IPA phoneme /əʊ/: goat, so
- IPA phoneme /eə/: square
- IPA phoneme /ʊə/: cure
- IPA phoneme /ɪə/: near
Some phoneticians consider that /iː/ is a diphthong [ij] and that /uː/ is a diphthong [uw].
Rising diphthong
A rising diphthong begins with a semivowel [j] or [w]. In English rising diphthongs are normally analyzed as sequences of two phonemes. There are many rising diphthongs in English, as /j/ and /w/ can combine with many vowels.
- IPA phonetic sequence /juː/: cute, few
- /jɒ/: yacht
- /je/: yell
- /jə/: Kenya
- /wiː/: weed
- /wɪ/: quick
- /wɔː/: walk
References
